ClinicalCodes.org

An online clinical codes repository to improve validity and reproducibility of medical database research

Research article:

Identifying prior signals of bipolar disorder using primary care electronic health records

Reference:

Catharine Morgan, Darren M Ashcroft, Carolyn A Chew-Graham, Matthew Sperrin, Roger T Webb, Anya Francis, Jan Scott, Alison R Yung(2023) Identifying prior signals of bipolar disorder using primary care electronic health records. British Journal of General Practice, doi:

Link to article
Abstract
Background: Bipolar disorders (BD) are serious mental illnesses yet evidence suggests that the diagnosis and treatment of BD can be delayed by around 6 years. Aim: To identify signals of undiagnosed BD using routinely collected electronic health records. Methods: A nested case-control study conducted using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) GOLD dataset, an anonymised electronic primary care patient database linked with hospital records. Cases were adult patients with incident BD diagnoses between 1st Jan. 2010 and 31st July 2017. These patients were matched by age, sex, and registered general practice to 20 controls without a recorded BD. Annual episode incidence rates were estimated and odds ratios from conditional logistic regression models were reported for recorded health events prior to index (diagnosis) date. Results: There were 2,366 patients with incident BD diagnoses and 47,138 matched control patients (median age 40 years; 60.5% females). Compared with controls, BD cases had higher incidence of diagnosed depressive, psychotic, anxiety and personality disorders recorded and escalating self-harm, up to 10 years before BD diagnosis. Sleep disturbance, substance misuse and mood swings were more frequent among cases than controls. Also, cases had more frequent face-to-face consultations and were more likely to miss multiple scheduled appointments and prescribed three different psychotropic medication classes in a given year. Conclusion: Psychiatric diagnoses, psychotropic prescriptions and health service use patterns might be signals of unreported BD. Recognition of these signals could prompt further investigation for undiagnosed significant psychopathology, leading to timely referral, assessment and initiation of appropriate treatments.
Author for correspondence
catharine Morgan
Email for correspondence
cathy.morgan@manchester.ac.uk

Code list: res201: anxiety

288 codes in list

Code Coding system Description Entity type List name
1B13.00 Read Anxiousness diagnostic res201: anxiety
1B13.11 Read Anxiousness - symptom diagnostic res201: anxiety
1B13.12 Read Anxious diagnostic res201: anxiety
1B1V.00 Read C/O - panic attack diagnostic res201: anxiety
2258.00 Read O/E - anxious diagnostic res201: anxiety
225J.00 Read O/E - panic attack diagnostic res201: anxiety
8CAZ000 Read Patient given advice about management of anxiety diagnostic res201: anxiety
8G52.00 Read Antiphobic therapy diagnostic res201: anxiety
8G94.00 Read Anxiety management training diagnostic res201: anxiety
8HHp.00 Read Referral for guided self-help for anxiety diagnostic res201: anxiety
E20..00 Read Neurotic disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
E200.00 Read Anxiety states diagnostic res201: anxiety
E200000 Read Anxiety state unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
E200100 Read Panic disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E200111 Read Panic attack diagnostic res201: anxiety
E200200 Read Generalised anxiety disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E200300 Read Anxiety with depression diagnostic res201: anxiety
E200400 Read Chronic anxiety diagnostic res201: anxiety
E200500 Read Recurrent anxiety diagnostic res201: anxiety
E200z00 Read Anxiety state NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201.00 Read Hysteria diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201000 Read Hysteria unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201100 Read Hysterical blindness diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201200 Read Hysterical deafness diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201300 Read Hysterical tremor diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201400 Read Hysterical paralysis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201500 Read Hysterical seizures diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201511 Read Fit - hysterical diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201600 Read Other conversion disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201611 Read Astasia - abasia; hysterical diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201612 Read Globus hystericus diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201700 Read Hysterical amnesia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201800 Read Hysterical fugue diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201A00 Read Dissociative reaction unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201B00 Read Compensation neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201C00 Read Phantom pregnancy diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201z00 Read Hysteria NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201z11 Read Aphonia - hysterical diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201z12 Read Ataxia - hysterical diagnostic res201: anxiety
E201z13 Read Ganser's syndrome - hysterical diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202.00 Read Phobic disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202000 Read Phobia unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202100 Read Agoraphobia with panic attacks diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202.11 Read Social phobic disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202.12 Read Phobic anxiety diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202200 Read Agoraphobia without mention of panic attacks diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202300 Read Social phobia; fear of eating in public diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202400 Read Social phobia; fear of public speaking diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202500 Read Social phobia; fear of public washing diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202600 Read Acrophobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202700 Read Animal phobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202800 Read Claustrophobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202900 Read Fear of crowds diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202A00 Read Fear of flying diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202B00 Read Cancer phobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202C00 Read Dental phobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202D00 Read Fear of death diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202E00 Read Fear of pregnancy diagnostic res201: anxiety
E202z00 Read Phobic disorder NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E203.00 Read Obsessive-compulsive disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
E203000 Read Compulsive neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E203100 Read Obsessional neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E203.11 Read Anancastic neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E203z00 Read Obsessive-compulsive disorder NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E205.00 Read Neurasthenia - nervous debility diagnostic res201: anxiety
E205.11 Read Nervous exhaustion diagnostic res201: anxiety
E206.00 Read Depersonalisation syndrome diagnostic res201: anxiety
E207.00 Read Hypochondriasis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E20y.00 Read Other neurotic disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
E20y000 Read Somatization disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E20y011 Read Briquet's disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E20y200 Read Other occupational neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E20y300 Read Psychasthenic neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E20yz00 Read Other neurotic disorder NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E20z.00 Read Neurotic disorder NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E20z.11 Read Nervous breakdown diagnostic res201: anxiety
E260.00 Read Psychogenic musculoskeletal symptoms diagnostic res201: anxiety
E260000 Read Psychogenic paralysis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E260100 Read Psychogenic torticollis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E260z00 Read Psychogenic musculoskeletal symptoms NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E261.00 Read Psychogenic respiratory symptoms diagnostic res201: anxiety
E261000 Read Psychogenic air hunger diagnostic res201: anxiety
E261100 Read Psychogenic cough diagnostic res201: anxiety
E261200 Read Psychogenic hiccough diagnostic res201: anxiety
E261300 Read Psychogenic hyperventilation diagnostic res201: anxiety
E261400 Read Psychogenic yawning diagnostic res201: anxiety
E261500 Read Psychogenic aphonia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E261z00 Read Psychogenic respiratory symptom NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E262.00 Read Psychogenic cardiovascular symptoms diagnostic res201: anxiety
E262000 Read Cardiac neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
E262200 Read Neurocirculatory asthenia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E262300 Read Psychogenic cardiovascular disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E262z00 Read Psychogenic cardiovascular symptom NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E263.00 Read Psychogenic skin symptoms diagnostic res201: anxiety
E263000 Read Psychogenic pruritus diagnostic res201: anxiety
E263z00 Read Psychogenic skin symptoms NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E264.00 Read Psychogenic gastrointestinal tract symptoms diagnostic res201: anxiety
E264000 Read Psychogenic aerophagy diagnostic res201: anxiety
E264011 Read Air swallowing - excessive diagnostic res201: anxiety
E264200 Read Cyclical vomiting - psychogenic diagnostic res201: anxiety
E264300 Read Psychogenic diarrhoea diagnostic res201: anxiety
E264400 Read Psychogenic dyspepsia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E264500 Read Psychogenic constipation diagnostic res201: anxiety
E264z00 Read Psychogenic gastrointestinal tract symptom NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E265.00 Read Psychogenic genitourinary tract symptoms diagnostic res201: anxiety
E265100 Read Psychogenic vaginismus diagnostic res201: anxiety
E265200 Read Psychogenic dysmenorrhea diagnostic res201: anxiety
E265300 Read Psychogenic dysuria diagnostic res201: anxiety
E265z00 Read Psychogenic genitourinary tract symptom NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E267.00 Read Psychogenic symptom of special sense organ diagnostic res201: anxiety
E26y.00 Read Other psychogenic malfunction diagnostic res201: anxiety
E26yz00 Read Other psychogenic malfunction NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E26z.00 Read Psychosomatic disorder NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E278.00 Read Psychalgia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E278000 Read Psychogenic pain unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
E278100 Read Tension headache diagnostic res201: anxiety
E278200 Read Psychogenic backache diagnostic res201: anxiety
E278z00 Read Psychalgia NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E28..00 Read Acute reaction to stress diagnostic res201: anxiety
E280.00 Read Acute panic state due to acute stress reaction diagnostic res201: anxiety
E281.00 Read Acute fugue state due to acute stress reaction diagnostic res201: anxiety
E282.00 Read Acute stupor state due to acute stress reaction diagnostic res201: anxiety
E283.00 Read Other acute stress reactions diagnostic res201: anxiety
E283000 Read Acute situational disturbance diagnostic res201: anxiety
E283100 Read Acute posttrauma stress state diagnostic res201: anxiety
E283z00 Read Other acute stress reaction NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E284.00 Read Stress reaction causing mixed disturbance of emotion/conduct diagnostic res201: anxiety
E28z.00 Read Acute stress reaction NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E28z.11 Read Examination fear diagnostic res201: anxiety
E28z.12 Read Flying phobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
E28z.13 Read Stage fright diagnostic res201: anxiety
E29..00 Read Adjustment reaction diagnostic res201: anxiety
E292.00 Read Adjustment reaction; predominant disturbance other emotions diagnostic res201: anxiety
E292000 Read Separation anxiety disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E292100 Read Adolescent emancipation disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E292200 Read Early adult emancipation disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E292400 Read Adjustment reaction with anxious mood diagnostic res201: anxiety
E292y00 Read Adjustment reaction with mixed disturbance of emotion diagnostic res201: anxiety
E292z00 Read Adjustment reaction with disturbance of other emotion NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E293.00 Read Adjustment reaction with predominant disturbance of conduct diagnostic res201: anxiety
E293000 Read Adjustment reaction with aggression diagnostic res201: anxiety
E293100 Read Adjustment reaction with antisocial behaviour diagnostic res201: anxiety
E293200 Read Adjustment reaction with destructiveness diagnostic res201: anxiety
E294.00 Read Adjustment reaction with disturbance emotion and conduct diagnostic res201: anxiety
E29y.00 Read Other adjustment reactions diagnostic res201: anxiety
E29y100 Read Other post-traumatic stress disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
E29y200 Read Adjustment reaction with physical symptoms diagnostic res201: anxiety
E29y300 Read Elective mutism due to an adjustment reaction diagnostic res201: anxiety
E29y400 Read Adjustment reaction due to hospitalisation diagnostic res201: anxiety
E29y500 Read Other adjustment reaction with withdrawal diagnostic res201: anxiety
E29yz00 Read Other adjustment reactions NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E29z.00 Read Adjustment reaction NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
E2y..00 Read Other specified neuroses or other mental disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
E2z..00 Read Neuroses or other mental disorder NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu05400 Read [X]Organic anxiety disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu34114 Read [X]Persistant anxiety depression diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu4..00 Read [X]Neurotic; stress - related and somoform disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40.00 Read [X]Phobic anxiety disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40000 Read [X]Agoraphobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40011 Read [X]Agoraphobia without history of panic disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40012 Read [X]Panic disorder with agoraphobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40100 Read [X]Social phobias diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40112 Read [X]Social neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40200 Read [X]Specific (isolated) phobias diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40211 Read [X]Acrophobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40212 Read [X]Animal phobias diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40213 Read [X]Claustrophobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40214 Read [X]Simple phobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40300 Read [X]Needle phobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40y00 Read [X]Other phobic anxiety disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40z00 Read [X]Phobic anxiety disorder; unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40z11 Read [X]Phobia NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu40z12 Read [X]Phobic state NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41.00 Read [X]Other anxiety disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41000 Read [X]Panic disorder [episodic paroxysmal anxiety] diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41011 Read [X]Panic attack diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41012 Read [X]Panic state diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41100 Read [X]Generalized anxiety disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41111 Read [X]Anxiety neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41112 Read [X]Anxiety reaction diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41113 Read [X]Anxiety state diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41200 Read [X]Mixed anxiety and depressive disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41211 Read [X]Mild anxiety depression diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41300 Read [X]Other mixed anxiety disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41y00 Read [X]Other specified anxiety disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41y11 Read [X]Anxiety hysteria diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41z00 Read [X]Anxiety disorder; unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu41z11 Read [X]Anxiety NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu42.00 Read [X]Obsessive - compulsive disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu42000 Read [X]Predominantly obsessional thoughts or ruminations diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu42100 Read [X]Predominantly compulsive acts [obsessional rituals] diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu42.11 Read [X]Anankastic neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu42.12 Read [X]Obsessive-compulsive neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu42200 Read [X]Mixed obsessional thoughts and acts diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu42y00 Read [X]Other obsessive-compulsive disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu42z00 Read [X]Obsessive-compulsive disorder; unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43.00 Read [X]Reaction to severe stress; and adjustment disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43000 Read [X]Acute stress reaction diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43011 Read [X]Acute crisis reaction diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43012 Read [X]Acute reaction to stress diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43014 Read [X]Crisis state diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43015 Read [X]Psychic shock diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43100 Read [X]Post - traumatic stress disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43111 Read [X]Traumatic neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43200 Read [X]Adjustment disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43300 Read [X]Acute post-traumatic stress disorder follow military comb diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43400 Read [X]Chron post-traumatic stress disorder follow military comb diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43y00 Read [X]Other reactions to severe stress diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu43z00 Read [X]Reaction to severe stress; unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44.00 Read [X]Dissociative [conversion] disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44000 Read [X]Dissociative amnesia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44100 Read [X]Dissociative fugue diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44.11 Read [X]Conversion hysteria diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44.12 Read [X]Conversion reaction diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44.13 Read [X]Hysteria diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44200 Read [X]Dissociative stupor diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44300 Read [X]Trance and possession disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44400 Read [X]Dissociative motor disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44411 Read [X]Psychogenic aphonia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44412 Read [X]Psychogenic dysphonia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44500 Read [X]Dissociative convulsions diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44511 Read [X]Pseudoseizures diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44600 Read [X]Dissociative anaesthesia and sensory loss diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44611 Read [X]Psychogenic deafness diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44700 Read [X]Mixed dissociative [conversion] disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44y00 Read [X]Other dissociative [conversion] disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44y13 Read [X]Psychogenic confusion diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu44z00 Read [X]Dissociative [conversion] disorder; unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45.00 Read [X]Somatoform disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45000 Read [X]Somatization disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45011 Read [X]Multiple psychosomatic disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45012 Read [X]Briquet's syndrome diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45100 Read [X]Undifferentiated somatoform disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45111 Read [X]Undifferentiated psychosomatic disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45200 Read [X]Hypochondriacal disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45211 Read [X]Body dysmorphic disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45212 Read [X]Dysmorphophobia nondelusional diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45213 Read [X]Hypochondriacal neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45214 Read [X]Hypochondriasis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45215 Read [X]Nosophobia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45300 Read [X]Somatoform autonomic dysfunction diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45311 Read [X]Cardiac neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45312 Read [X]Da Costa's syndrome diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45313 Read [X]Gastric neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45314 Read [X]Neurocirculatory asthenia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45316 Read [X]Psychogenic cough diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45317 Read [X]Psychogenic diarrhoea diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45318 Read [X]Psychogenic dyspepsia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45319 Read [X]Psychogenic dysuria diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45320 Read [X]Psychogenic flatulence diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45321 Read [X]Psychogenic hiccough diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45322 Read [X]Psychogenic hyperventilat diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45323 Read [X]Psychogenic freq micturit diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45324 Read [X]Psychogenic IBS diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45325 Read [X]Psychogenic pylorospasm diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45400 Read [X]Persistent somatoform pain disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45411 Read [X]Psychalgia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45412 Read [X]Psychogenic backache diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45413 Read [X]Psychogenic headache diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45414 Read [X]Somatoform pain disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45500 Read [X]Globus pharyngeus diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45511 Read [X]Globus hystericus diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45y00 Read [X]Other somatoform disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45y11 Read [X]Psychogenic dysmenorrhoea diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45y12 Read [X]Globus hystericus diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45y13 Read [X]Psychogenic pruritis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45y14 Read [X]Psychogenic torticollis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45z00 Read [X]Somatoform disorder; unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu45z11 Read [X]Psychosomatic disorder NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46.00 Read [X]Other neurotic disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46000 Read [X]Neurasthenia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46100 Read [X]Depersonalization - derealization syndrome diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46y00 Read [X]Other specified neurotic disorders diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46y11 Read [X]Briquet's disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46y12 Read [X]Dhat syndrome diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46y13 Read [X]Occupational neurosis; including writer's cramp diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46y14 Read [X]Psychasthenia diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46y15 Read [X]Psychasthenia neurosis diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46y16 Read [X]Psychogenic syncope diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46z00 Read [X]Neurotic disorder; unspecified diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu46z11 Read [X]Neurosis NOS diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu60600 Read [X]Anxious [avoidant] personality disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu93000 Read [X]Separation anxiety disorder of childhood diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu93100 Read [X]Phobic anxiety disorder of childhood diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu93200 Read [X]Social anxiety disorder of childhood diagnostic res201: anxiety
Eu93y12 Read [X]Childhood overanxious disorder diagnostic res201: anxiety
Z4L1.00 Read Anxiety counselling diagnostic res201: anxiety
ZS7C700 Read Post-traumatic mutism diagnostic res201: anxiety

0 comments have been posted.

Please log in to leave a comment.