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Research article:
Can analyses of electronic patient records be independently and externally validated? Study 2: the Effect of Beta-Adrenoceptor Blocker Therapy on Cancer Survival; a Retrospective Cohort Study
Reference:
David a Springate, Darren M Ashcroft, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Tim Doran, Ronan Ryan, David Reeves(2015) Can analyses of electronic patient records be independently and externally validated? Study 2: the Effect of Beta-Adrenoceptor Blocker Therapy on Cancer Survival; a Retrospective Cohort Study. BMJ Open, doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-007299
- Link to fulltext article
- Abstract
- Objectives To conduct a fully independent and external validation of a research study based on one electronic health record database, using a different database sampling the same population. Design Retrospective cohort analysis of beta-blocker therapy and all-cause mortality in cancer patients. Setting Two UK national primary care databases (PCDs): the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and Doctors’ Independent Network (DIN). Participants CPRD data for 11302 cancer patients compared to published results from DIN for 3462 patients. Study period January 1997 to December 2006. Primary and secondary outcome measures All-cause mortality: overall; by treatment subgroup (betablockers only, beta-blockers plus other blood pressure lowering medicines (BPLM), other BPLMs only); and by cancer-site. Results Using CPRD, beta-blocker use was not associated with mortality (HR=1.03, 95%CI 0.93-1.14, vs patients prescribed other BPLMs only), but in DIN beta-blocker users had significantly higher mortality (HR=1.18, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.33). However, these hazard ratios were not statistically different (p=0.063), but did differ for patients on beta-blockers alone (CPRD=0.94, 95%CI 0.82-1.07; DIN=1.37, 95%CI 1.16-1.61; p<0.001). Results for nine individual cancer sites differed by study, but only significantly for prostate and pancreas cancers. Results were robust under sensitivity analyses, but we could not be certain that mortality was identically defined in both databases. Conclusions We found a complex pattern of similarities and differences between databases. Our finding that overall treatment effect estimates were not statistically different, adds to a growing body of evidence that different UK PCDs produce effect estimates comparable within statistical tolerance. However, some subgroup effects differed significantly and individually the two studies lead to different conclusions regarding the safety of beta-blockers for cancer patients. Single studies based on internally well-validated databases therefore do not guarantee generalisable results, especially for subgroups. In all cases, confirmatory studies using at least one other independent data source are strongly recommended.
- Author for correspondence
- David Reeves
- Email for correspondence
- david.reeves@manchester.ac.uk
Code list: res24: lung cancer
24 codes in list
| Code | Coding system | Description | Entity type | List name | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B22..00 | Read | Malig neop trachea/bronch/lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B220.00 | Read | Malig neop trachea | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B220100 | Read | Malig neop mucosa of trachea | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B220z00 | Read | Malig neop trachea NOS | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B221.00 | Read | Malig neop main bronchus | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B221000 | Read | Malig neop carina of bronchus | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B221100 | Read | Malig neop hilus of lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B221z00 | Read | Malig neop main bronchus NOS | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B222.00 | Read | Malig neop upp lobe bronc/lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B222000 | Read | Malig neop upper lobe bronchus | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B222100 | Read | Malig neop upper lobe of lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B222z00 | Read | Malig neop upp bronc/lung NOS | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B223.00 | Read | Malig neop mid lobe bronc/lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B223000 | Read | Malig neop mid lobe bronchus | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B223100 | Read | Malig neop middle lobe of lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B223z00 | Read | Malig neop mid lobe bronc/lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B224.00 | Read | Malig neop low lobe bronc/lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B224000 | Read | Malig neop lower bronchus | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B224100 | Read | Malig neop lower lobe of lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B224z00 | Read | Malig neop low lobe bronc/lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B225.00 | Read | Mal neop overlap les bron/lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B226.00 | Read | Mesothelioma | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B22y.00 | Read | Malig neop oth site bronc/lung | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer | |||
| B22z.00 | Read | Malig neop bronchus/lung NOS | diagnostic | res24: lung cancer |
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