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Research article:

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the United Kingdom: Regional and socioeconomic variations in incidence rates amongst children and adolescents (2004-2013)

Reference:

Hire AJ, Ashcroft DM, Springate DA, Steinke DT(2015) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in the United Kingdom: Regional and socioeconomic variations in incidence rates amongst children and adolescents (2004-2013). Journal of Attention Disorders, doi: 0.1177/1087054715613441

Link to article
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence and distribution of ADHD within the United Kingdom, and to examine whether there was any association between ADHD incidence and socioeconomic deprivation. METHOD: The study used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). Patients diagnosed with ADHD before the age of 19 between January 1, 2004 and December 31, 2013 were stratified according to the region in which their general practice was based. Practice Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) score was used as a surrogate measure of patients' deprivation status. RESULTS: ADHD incidence was relatively stable between 2004 and 2013, but peaked in the last 2 years studied. Statistically significant (p ≤ .05) differences in incidence were observed between U.K. regions. In almost every year studied, incidence rates were highest among the most deprived patients and lowest among the least deprived patients. CONCLUSION: In the United Kingdom, ADHD may be associated with socioeconomic deprivation.
Author for correspondence
Adrian Hire
Email for correspondence

Code list: res28: ADHD medcodes

30 codes in list

Code Coding system Description Entity type List name
10918 Read Hyperactive behaviour diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
1458 Read [X]Hyperkinetic disorders diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
20467 Read Child attention deficit disorder NOS diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
24753 Read [X]Attention deficit disorder diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
24808 Read ADD - Attention deficit disorder diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
25469 Read Other hyperkinetic manifestation diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
26285 Read [X]Attention deficit disorder diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
28543 Read Attention deficit disorder diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
33505 Read [X]Hyperkinetic conduct disorder diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
34199 Read Attention deficit without hyperactivity diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
35161 Read DAMP - Deficits in attention motor control and perception diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
3775 Read Childhood hyperkinetic syndrome diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
37894 Read Minimal brain dysfunction diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
37994 Read Disorders of attention and motor control diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
39920 Read Deficits in attention motor control and perception diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
41769 Read Hyperkinetic syndrome NOS diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
45263 Read Hyperkinetic conduct disorder diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
45799 Read [X]Hyperkinetic disorder associated with conduct disorder diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
50015 Read [X]Hyperkinetic disorder unspecified diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
55322 Read [X]Deficits in attention motor control and perception diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
5565 Read Child attention deficit disorder diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
58069 Read Hyperkinesis with developmental delay diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
61701 Read MBD - Minimal brain dysfunction diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
6510 Read [X]Other hyperkinetic disorders diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
6512 Read [X]Disturbance of activity and attention diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
6519 Read [X]Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
96770 Read [X]Hyperkinetic syndrome NOS diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
9715 Read Attention deficit with hyperactivity diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
97421 Read [X]Hyperkinetic reaction of childhood or adolescence NOS diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes
9972 Read Overactive child syndrome diagnostic res28: ADHD medcodes

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