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Research article:
HbA1C variability and hypoglycemia hospitalization in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a nested case-control study
Reference:
Victor W. Zhong; Juhaeri Juhaeri; Stephen R. Cole; Christina M. Shay; Penny Gordon-Larsen; Evangelos Kontopantelis; Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis(2017) HbA1C variability and hypoglycemia hospitalization in adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a nested case-control study. Journal of Diabetes and its Complications, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2017.10.008
- Link to article
- Abstract
- Aims: To determine association between HbA1C variability and hypoglycemia requiring hospitalization (HH) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Using nested case-control design in electronic health record data in England, one case with first or recurrent HH was matched to one control who had not experienced HH in incident T1D and T2D adults. HbA1C variability was determined by standard deviation of ≥3 HbA1C results. Conditional logistic models were applied to determine association of HbA1C variability with first and recurrent HH. Results: In T1D, every 1.0% increase in HbA1C variability was associated with 90% higher first HH risk (95% CI, 1.25-2.89) and 392% higher recurrent HH risk (95% CI, 1.17- 20.61). In T2D, a 1.0% increase in HbA1C variability was associated with 556% higher first HH risk (95% CI, 3.88-11.08) and 573% higher recurrent HH risk (95% CI, 1.59-28.51). In T2D for first HH, the association was the strongest in non-insulin non-sulfonylurea users (P<0.0001); for recurrent HH, the association was stronger in insulin users than sulfonylurea users (P=0.07). The HbA1C variability-HH association was stronger in more recent years in T2D (P≤0.004). Conclusions: HbA1C variability is a strong predictor for HH in T1D and T2D.
- Author for correspondence
- Elizabeth J Mayer-Davis
- Email for correspondence
- mayerdav@email.unc.edu
Code list: res50: rheumatological disease
140 codes in list
| Code | Coding system | Description | Entity type | List name | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14G1.00 | Read | H/O: rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| 2G27.00 | Read | O/E-hands-rheumatoid spindling | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| A170000 | Read | Tuberculosis - lupus exedens | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| A170100 | Read | Tuberculosis - lupus vulgaris | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| A170.11 | Read | Lupus - tuberculous | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| A170300 | Read | Tuberculosis - lupus NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| A985z11 | Read | Rheumatism - gonococcal | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| AD53000 | Read | Lupus pernio | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| F371000 | Read | Polyneuropathy in disseminated lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| F371200 | Read | Polyneuropathy in rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| F396100 | Read | Myopathy due to disseminated lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| F396400 | Read | Myopathy due to rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| F396600 | Read | Myopathy due to scleroderma | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| F4D3300 | Read | Eyelid discoid lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| G5y8.00 | Read | Rheumatoid myocarditis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| G5yA.00 | Read | Rheumatoid carditis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| H570.00 | Read | Rheumatoid lung | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| H572.00 | Read | Lung disease with systemic sclerosis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| H57y100 | Read | Lung disease with polymyositis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| H57y400 | Read | Lung disease with systemic lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| K01x400 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| K01x411 | Read | Lupus nephritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| K0H..00 | Read | Acute scleroderma renal crisis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| K0J0.00 | Read | Renal involvement in scleroderma | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154.00 | Read | Lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154000 | Read | Lupus erythematosus chronicus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154100 | Read | Discoid lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154200 | Read | Lupus erythematosus migrans | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154300 | Read | Lupus erythematosus nodularis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154400 | Read | Lupus erythematosus profundus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154500 | Read | Lupus erythematosus tumidus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154600 | Read | Lupus erythematosus unguium mutilans | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154700 | Read | Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M154z00 | Read | Lupus erythematosus NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M210.00 | Read | Circumscribed scleroderma | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M210000 | Read | Unspecified circumscribed scleroderma | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M210400 | Read | Linear scleroderma | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| M210z00 | Read | Circumscribed scleroderma NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Myu7800 | Read | [X]Other local lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N000.00 | Read | Systemic lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N000000 | Read | Disseminated lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N000100 | Read | Libman-Sacks disease | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N000200 | Read | Drug-induced systemic lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N000300 | Read | Systemic lupus erythematosus with organ or sys involv | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N000400 | Read | Systemic lupus erythematosus with pericarditis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N000500 | Read | Neonatal lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N000600 | Read | Cerebral lupus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N000z00 | Read | Systemic lupus erythematosus NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N001.00 | Read | Scleroderma | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N001000 | Read | Progressive systemic sclerosis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N001.11 | Read | Acrosclerosis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N001.12 | Read | Systemic sclerosis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N003100 | Read | Dermatopolymyositis in neoplastic disease | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N003X00 | Read | Dermatopolymyositis, unspecified | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N004.00 | Read | Polymyositis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N010800 | Read | Staphylococcal arthritis and polyarthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N010900 | Read | Pneumococcal arthritis and polyarthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N04..00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory polyarthropathy | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040.00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040000 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of cervical spine | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040100 | Read | Other rheumatoid arthritis of spine | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040200 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of shoulder | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040300 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of sternoclavicular joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040400 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of acromioclavicular joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040500 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of elbow | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040600 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of distal radio-ulnar joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040700 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of wrist | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040800 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of MCP joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040900 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of PIP joint of finger | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040A00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of DIP joint of finger | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040B00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of hip | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040C00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of sacro-iliac joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040D00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of knee | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040E00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of tibio-fibular joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040F00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of ankle | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040G00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of subtalar joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040H00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of talonavicular joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040J00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of other tarsal joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040K00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of 1st MTP joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040L00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of lesser MTP joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040M00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis of IP joint of toe | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040N00 | Read | Rheumatoid vasculitis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040P00 | Read | Seronegative rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040Q00 | Read | Rheumatoid bursitis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040R00 | Read | Rheumatoid nodule | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040S00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthritis - multiple joint | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N040T00 | Read | Flare of rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N041.00 | Read | Felty's syndrome | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N042.00 | Read | Other rheumatoid arthropathy + visceral/systemic involvement | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N042100 | Read | Rheumatoid lung disease | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N042200 | Read | Rheumatoid nodule | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N042z00 | Read | Rheumatoid arthropathy + visceral/systemic involvement NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N043.00 | Read | Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis - Still's disease | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N043000 | Read | Juvenile rheumatoid arthropathy unspecified | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N043100 | Read | Acute polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N043200 | Read | Pauciarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N043300 | Read | Monarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N043z00 | Read | Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N045100 | Read | Juvenile seronegative polyarthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N045500 | Read | Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N047.00 | Read | Seropositive errosive rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N04X.00 | Read | Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, unspecified | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N04y000 | Read | Rheumatoid lung | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N04y011 | Read | Caplan's syndrome | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N04y012 | Read | Fibrosing alveolitis associated with rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N04y111 | Read | Sero negative polyarthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N060.11 | Read | Endemic polyarthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N065.00 | Read | Unspecified polyarthropathy or polyarthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N065z00 | Read | Unspecified polyarthropathy or polyarthritis NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093.00 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093000 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism of unspecified site | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093100 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism of the shoulder region | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093200 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism of the upper arm | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093400 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism of the hand | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093500 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism of the pelvic region and thigh | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093600 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism of the lower leg | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093700 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism of the ankle and foot | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093800 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism of other specified site | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093900 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism of multiple sites | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N093z00 | Read | Palindromic rheumatism NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N2...00 | Read | Rheumatism, excluding the back | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N20..00 | Read | Polymyalgia rheumatica | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N200.00 | Read | Giant cell arteritis with polymyalgia rheumatica | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N231400 | Read | Polymyositis ossificans | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N240.00 | Read | Rheumatism and fibrositis unspecified | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N240000 | Read | Rheumatism unspecified | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N240200 | Read | Muscular rheumatism | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N240700 | Read | Hand rheumatism | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N240z00 | Read | Rheumatism or fibrositis NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N2y..00 | Read | Other specified nonarticular rheumatism | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| N2z..00 | Read | Nonarticular rheumatism NOS | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Nyu0000 | Read | [X]Other streptococcal arthritis and polyarthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Nyu0100 | Read | [X]Arthritis+polyarthritis due/other specfd bacterial agents | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Nyu1000 | Read | [X]Rheumatoid arthritis+involvement/other organs or systems | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Nyu1100 | Read | [X]Other seropositive rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Nyu1200 | Read | [X]Other specified rheumatoid arthritis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Nyu1G00 | Read | [X]Seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, unspecified | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Nyu4300 | Read | [X]Other forms of systemic lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Nyu4500 | Read | [X]Other forms of systemic sclerosis | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease | |||
| Nyu4E00 | Read | [X]Dermatopolymyositis, unspecified | diagnostic | res50: rheumatological disease |
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