ClinicalCodes.org
An online clinical codes repository to improve validity and reproducibility of medical database research
Research article:
Life Expectancy and Cause-Specific Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study Quantifying Relationships in Ethnic Subgroups
Reference:
Alison K. Wright, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Iain Buchan, Naveed Sattar, Martin K. Rutter, Darren M. Ashcroft(2017) Life Expectancy and Cause-Specific Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study Quantifying Relationships in Ethnic Subgroups. Diabetes Care, doi: 10.2337/dc16-1616
- Link to article
- Abstract
- OBJECTIVES This study 1) investigated life expectancy and cause-specific mortality rates associated with type 2 diabetes and 2) quantified these relationships in ethnic subgroups. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a cohort study using Clinical Practice Research Datalink data from 383 general practices in England with linked hospitalization and mortality records. A total of 187,968 patients with incident type 2 diabetes from 1998 to 2015 were matched to 908,016 control subjects. Abridged life tables estimated years of life lost, and a competing risk survival model quantified cause-specific hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS A total of 40,286 deaths occurred in patients with type 2 diabetes. At age 40, white men with diabetes lost 5 years of life and white women lost 6 years compared with those without diabetes. A loss of between 1 and 2 years was observed for South Asians and blacks with diabetes. At age older than 65 years, South Asians with diabetes had up to 1.1 years’ longer life expectancy than South Asians without diabetes. Compared with whites with diabetes, South Asians with diabetes had lower adjusted risks for mortality from cardiovascular (HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.75, 0.89), cancer (HR 0.43; 95% CI 0.36, 0.51), and respiratory diseases (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.48, 0.76). A similar pattern was observed in blacks with diabetes compared with whites with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Type 2 diabetes was associated with more years of life lost among whites than among South Asians or blacks, with older South Asians experiencing longer life expectancy compared with South Asians without diabetes. The findings support optimized cardiovascular disease risk factor management, especially in whites with type 2 diabetes.
- Author for correspondence
- Darren M. Ashcroft
- Email for correspondence
- darren.ashcroft@manchester.ac.uk.
Code list: res56: Antiplatelet agents
109 codes in list
| Code | Coding system | Description | Entity type | List name | drug type | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16 | CPRD_product_code | aspirin tablets 75mg | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 18329 | CPRD_product_code | ENPRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [GALPHARM] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 19189 | CPRD_product_code | MICROPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [RATIOPHARM] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 22618 | CPRD_product_code | SOLPRIN tablets 75mg [RECKITT B] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 23593 | CPRD_product_code | POSTMI dispersible tablet 75mg [ASHBOURNE] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 23878 | CPRD_product_code | NU-SEALS CARDIO EC tablets 75mg [GENUS] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 25335 | CPRD_product_code | POSTMI EC tablets 75mg [ASHBOURNE] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 25718 | CPRD_product_code | ANGETTES tablets 75mg [BRISTOL] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 2607 | CPRD_product_code | PAYNOCIL tablets [BEECHAM] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 2628 | CPRD_product_code | NU-SEALS ASPIRIN EC tablets 75mg [LILLY] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 3 | CPRD_product_code | aspirin dispersible tablet 75mg | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 31211 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [AAH(VANT)] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 31938 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN EC tablets 75mg [SANDOZ] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 31953 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [IVAX] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 31954 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [TEVA] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 31956 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [KENT] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 32036 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [ACTAVIS] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 32992 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [GEN (UK)] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 33293 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [STERWIN] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 33320 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [SOVEREIGN] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 33656 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [HILLCROSS] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 33676 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [KENT] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 34 | CPRD_product_code | aspirin gastro-resistant tablets 75mg | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 34385 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN soluble tablet 75mg [CO-OPERATI] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 34434 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [T & R] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 34485 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [IVAX] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 34611 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [CP PHARM] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 34796 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [GALEN] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 34797 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [ACTAVIS] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 34942 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [NUCARE] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 40381 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN soluble tablet 75mg [CP PHARM] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 40913 | CPRD_product_code | GREPID film coated tablets 75mg [BEACON] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 41512 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [TEVA] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 42750 | CPRD_product_code | CLOPIDOGREL film coated tablets 75mg [ACTAVIS] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 43709 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [ALMUS] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 45643 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN soluble tablet 75mg [CELLTECH] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 46891 | CPRD_product_code | clopidogrel oral suspension 75mg/5ml | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 47937 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN dispersible tablet 75mg [WOCKHARDT] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 47992 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [HILLCROSS] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 48021 | CPRD_product_code | ASPIRIN tablets 75mg [HILLCROSS] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 48165 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg tablets (Aspar Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 489 | CPRD_product_code | clopidogrel film coated tablets 75mg | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 48974 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg tablets (Phoenix Healthcare Distribution Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 49060 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Alliance Healthcare (Distribution) Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 49220 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg tablets (Kent Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 49685 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Sigma Pharmaceuticals Plc) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 49799 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 150mg suppositories (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 50555 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg dispersible tablets (DE Pharmaceuticals) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 50926 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (The Boots Company Plc) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 50949 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg tablets (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 51474 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 150mg suppositories (Martindale Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 51561 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg gastro-resistant tablets (Zanza Laboratories Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 52044 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg caplets (The Boots Company Plc) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 52280 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg Tablet (Wockhardt UK Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 52618 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Bristol Laboratories Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 52761 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Dr Reddy's Laboratories (UK) Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 52905 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg tablets (Lloyds Pharmacy Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 53178 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg gastro-resistant tablets (Wockhardt UK Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 53622 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg Tablet (M & A Pharmachem Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 53711 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg Tablet (Nucare Plc) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 53751 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Phoenix Healthcare Distribution Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 53791 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 150mg suppositories (Alliance Healthcare (Distribution) Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 53804 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg gastro-resistant tablets (Alliance Healthcare (Distribution) Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 53816 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg dispersible tablets (Alliance Healthcare (Distribution) Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 54284 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Almus Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 54430 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg tablets (Alliance Healthcare (Distribution) Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 54526 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg tablets (Alliance Healthcare (Distribution) Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 54565 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Lloyds Pharmacy Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 54700 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 54734 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg tablets (Wockhardt UK Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 54997 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Dowelhurst Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 55161 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Wockhardt UK Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 56007 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg dispersible tablets (Sigma Pharmaceuticals Plc) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 56503 | CPRD_product_code | Asasantin Retard capsules (Mawdsley-Brooks & Company Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 56736 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg tablets (Waymade Healthcare Plc) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 56807 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Teva UK Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 56883 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg tablets (Waymade Healthcare Plc) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 56995 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Phoenix Healthcare Distribution Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 56996 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Waymade Healthcare Plc) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 57036 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Mylan Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 57057 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Wockhardt UK Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 58331 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg gastro-resistant tablets (Mylan Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 58347 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (DE Pharmaceuticals) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 58448 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Aspire Pharma Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 59021 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg gastro-resistant tablets (Bristol Laboratories Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 59253 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg gastro-resistant tablets (Waymade Healthcare Plc) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 59728 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg tablets (Alissa Healthcare Research Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 59791 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Aspar Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 59904 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg/5ml oral solution | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 6006 | CPRD_product_code | NU-SEALS ASPIRIN EC tablets 75mg [ALLIANCE] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 60127 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg tablets (DE Pharmaceuticals) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 60278 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg tablets (DE Pharmaceuticals) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 60694 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 25mg/5ml oral solution | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 60777 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg gastro-resistant tablets (DE Pharmaceuticals) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 62334 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg caplets (Wockhardt UK Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 62430 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 300mg suppositories (A A H Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 62855 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Alliance Healthcare (Distribution) Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 62978 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Sandoz Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 63450 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Almus Pharmaceuticals Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 63603 | CPRD_product_code | Laboprin Tablet (Laboratories For Applied Biology Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 64071 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin powder (J M Loveridge Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 65909 | CPRD_product_code | Clopidogrel 75mg tablets (Milpharm Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 66345 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (DE Pharmaceuticals) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 66546 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg dispersible tablets (Numark Management Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 66563 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg gastro-resistant tablets (Phoenix Healthcare Distribution Ltd) | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 66861 | CPRD_product_code | Aspirin 75mg effervescent tablets | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 6696 | CPRD_product_code | MICROPIRIN enteric coated tablets 75mg [DEXCEL] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin | ||
| 836 | CPRD_product_code | PLAVIX film coated tablets 75mg [SANOFI BMS] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Clopidogrel | ||
| 9144 | CPRD_product_code | CAPRIN EC tablets 75mg [WOCKHARDT] | drug | res56: Antiplatelet agents | Aspirin |
Please log in to leave a comment.
Code list links:
ClinicalCodes is a project at the University of Manchester Institute of Population Health
The ClinicalCodes project is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research (SPCR)