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Research article:
Life Expectancy and Cause-Specific Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study Quantifying Relationships in Ethnic Subgroups
Reference:
Alison K. Wright, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Iain Buchan, Naveed Sattar, Martin K. Rutter, Darren M. Ashcroft(2017) Life Expectancy and Cause-Specific Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study Quantifying Relationships in Ethnic Subgroups. Diabetes Care, doi: 10.2337/dc16-1616
- Link to article
- Abstract
- OBJECTIVES This study 1) investigated life expectancy and cause-specific mortality rates associated with type 2 diabetes and 2) quantified these relationships in ethnic subgroups. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a cohort study using Clinical Practice Research Datalink data from 383 general practices in England with linked hospitalization and mortality records. A total of 187,968 patients with incident type 2 diabetes from 1998 to 2015 were matched to 908,016 control subjects. Abridged life tables estimated years of life lost, and a competing risk survival model quantified cause-specific hazard ratios (HRs). RESULTS A total of 40,286 deaths occurred in patients with type 2 diabetes. At age 40, white men with diabetes lost 5 years of life and white women lost 6 years compared with those without diabetes. A loss of between 1 and 2 years was observed for South Asians and blacks with diabetes. At age older than 65 years, South Asians with diabetes had up to 1.1 years’ longer life expectancy than South Asians without diabetes. Compared with whites with diabetes, South Asians with diabetes had lower adjusted risks for mortality from cardiovascular (HR 0.82; 95% CI 0.75, 0.89), cancer (HR 0.43; 95% CI 0.36, 0.51), and respiratory diseases (HR 0.60; 95% CI 0.48, 0.76). A similar pattern was observed in blacks with diabetes compared with whites with diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Type 2 diabetes was associated with more years of life lost among whites than among South Asians or blacks, with older South Asians experiencing longer life expectancy compared with South Asians without diabetes. The findings support optimized cardiovascular disease risk factor management, especially in whites with type 2 diabetes.
- Author for correspondence
- Darren M. Ashcroft
- Email for correspondence
- darren.ashcroft@manchester.ac.uk.
Code list: res56: renal disease/failure
65 codes in list
| Code | Coding system | Description | Entity type | List name | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1Z13.00 | Read | Chronic kidney disease stage 4 | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| 1Z14.00 | Read | Chronic kidney disease stage 5 | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| 1Z1H.00 | Read | Chronic kidney disease stage 4 with proteinuria | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| 1Z1J.00 | Read | Chronic kidney disease stage 4 without proteinuria | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| 1Z1K.00 | Read | Chronic kidney disease stage 5 with proteinuria | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| 1Z1L.00 | Read | Chronic kidney disease stage 5 without proteinuria | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| 7B06300 | Read | Exploration of renal transplant | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| 8L50.00 | Read | Renal transplant planned | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01..00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K010.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome with proliferative glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K011.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome with membranous glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K012.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome+membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K013.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome with minimal change glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K013.11 | Read | Lipoid nephrosis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K013.12 | Read | Steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K014.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome, minor glomerular abnormality | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K015.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome, focal and segmental glomerular lesions | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K016.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome, diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K017.00 | Read | Nephrotic syn difus mesangial prolifertiv glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K018.00 | Read | Nephrotic syn,difus endocapilary proliftv glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K019.00 | Read | Nephrotic syn,diffuse mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01A.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome, dense deposit disease | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01B.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome, diffuse crescentic glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01w.00 | Read | Congenital nephrotic syndrome | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01w000 | Read | Finnish nephrosis syndrome | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01x000 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome in amyloidosis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01x100 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome in diabetes mellitus | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01x111 | Read | Kimmelstiel - Wilson disease | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01x200 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome in malaria | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01x300 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome in polyarteritis nodosa | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01x400 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01x411 | Read | Lupus nephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01y.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome with other pathological kidney lesions | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K01z.00 | Read | Nephrotic syndrome NOS | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K02..00 | Read | Chronic glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K020.00 | Read | Chronic proliferative glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K021.00 | Read | Chronic membranous glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K02..11 | Read | Nephritis - chronic | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K02..12 | Read | Nephropathy - chronic | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K022.00 | Read | Chronic membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K023.00 | Read | Chronic rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K02y.00 | Read | Other chronic glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K02y000 | Read | Chronic glomerulonephritis + diseases EC | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K02y200 | Read | Chronic focal glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K02y300 | Read | Chronic diffuse glomerulonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K02yz00 | Read | Other chronic glomerulonephritis NOS | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K02z.00 | Read | Chronic glomerulonephritis NOS | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K05..00 | Read | Chronic renal failure | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K050.00 | Read | End stage renal failure | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K05..11 | Read | Chronic uraemia | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K05..12 | Read | End stage renal failure | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K0D..00 | Read | End-stage renal disease | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K100.00 | Read | Chronic pyelonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K100000 | Read | Chronic pyelonephritis without medullary necrosis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K100100 | Read | Chronic pyelonephritis with medullary necrosis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K100200 | Read | Chronic pyelitis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K100300 | Read | Chronic pyonephrosis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K100400 | Read | Nonobstructive reflux-associated chronic pyelonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K100500 | Read | Chronic obstructive pyelonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K100600 | Read | Calculous pyelonephritis | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| K100z00 | Read | Chronic pyelonephritis NOS | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| SP08300 | Read | Kidney transplant failure and rejection | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| TB00100 | Read | Kidney transplant with complication, without blame | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| TB00111 | Read | Renal transplant with complication, without blame | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure | |||
| ZV42000 | Read | [V]Kidney transplanted | diagnostic | res56: renal disease/failure |
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