ClinicalCodes.org
An online clinical codes repository to improve validity and reproducibility of medical database research
Research article:
Antibiotic prescribing for common infections in UK general practice: variability and drivers
Reference:
Victoria Palin, Anna Mölter, Miguel Belmonte, Darren Ashcroft, Andrew White, William Welfare, Tjeerd van Staa(2018) Antibiotic prescribing for common infections in UK general practice: variability and drivers. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:
- Link to article
- Abstract
- Objectives: To examine variations across general practices and factors associated with antibiotic prescribing for common infections in UK primary care to identify potential targets for improvement and optimisation of prescribing. Methods: Oral antibiotics prescribing for common infections were analysed using anonymised UK primary care electronic health records between 2000 and 2015 using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). The rate of prescribing for each condition was observed over time and the correlation of prescribing between each condition estimated within a practice. Drivers of prescribing were estimated using logistic regression in a matched patient cohort (1:1 by age, sex and date). Results: Over 8 million patient records were examined in 587 general practices in the UK. Practices varied considerably in their propensity to prescribe antibiotics and this variance increased over time (except in cases of urinary tract infection (UTI)). Change points in prescribing did not reflect updates to national guidelines and prescribing for different infectious conditions varied within practices. A previous history of antibiotic use significantly increased the risk of receiving a subsequent antibiotic (by 22-48% for patients with ≥ 3 antibiotic prescriptions in the past 12 months), as did higher BMI, history of smoking and flu vaccinations. Other drivers for receiving an antibiotic varied considerably for each condition. Conclusions: Large variability in antibiotic prescribing between practices was observed. Prescribing guidelines alone do not positively influence a change in prescribing, suggesting more targeted interventions are required to optimise antibiotic prescribing in the UK.
- Author for correspondence
- Victoria Palin
- Email for correspondence
- victoria.palin@manchester.ac.uk
Code list: res70: Otitis media
45 codes in list
| Code | Coding system | Description | Entity type | List name | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A552.00 | Read | Postmeasles otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F51..00 | Read | Nonsuppurative otitis media + eustachian tube disorders | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F510.00 | Read | Acute non suppurative otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F510000 | Read | Acute otitis media with effusion | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F510011 | Read | Acute secretory otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F510100 | Read | Acute serous otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F510200 | Read | Acute mucoid otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F510300 | Read | Acute sanguinous otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F510z00 | Read | Acute nonsuppurative otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F511.00 | Read | Chronic otitis media with effusion, serous | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F511.11 | Read | Chronic secretory otitis media, serous | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F511z00 | Read | Chronic serous otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F512.00 | Read | Chronic otitis media with effusion, mucoid | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F512000 | Read | Glue ear, unspecified | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F512.11 | Read | Glue ear | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F512.12 | Read | Chronic secretory otitis media, mucoid | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F512z00 | Read | Chronic mucoid otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F513.00 | Read | Chronic otitis media with effusion, other | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F513100 | Read | Chronic otitis media with effusion, purulent | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F513111 | Read | Chronic secretory otitis media, purulent | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F514.00 | Read | Unspecified nonsuppurative otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F514100 | Read | Serous otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F514200 | Read | Catarrhal otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F514300 | Read | Mucoid otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F514z00 | Read | Nonsuppurative otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F515.00 | Read | Eustachian tube salpingitis | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F515.11 | Read | Catarrh - eustachian | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F52..00 | Read | Suppurative and unspecified otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F520.00 | Read | Acute suppurative otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F520000 | Read | Acute suppurative otitis media tympanic membrane intact | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F520100 | Read | Acute suppurative otitis media tympanic membrane ruptured | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F520300 | Read | Acute suppurative otitis media due to disease EC | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F520z00 | Read | Acute suppurative otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F521.00 | Read | Chronic suppurative otitis media, tubotympanic | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F522.00 | Read | Chronic suppurative otitis media, atticoantral | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F523.00 | Read | Chronic suppurative otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F524.00 | Read | Purulent otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F524000 | Read | Bilateral suppurative otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F525.00 | Read | Recurrent acute otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F526.00 | Read | Acute left otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F527.00 | Read | Acute right otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F528.00 | Read | Acute bilateral otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F52z.00 | Read | Otitis media NOS | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| F52z.11 | Read | Infection ear | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media | |||
| SN30.11 | Read | Aero-otitis media | diagnostic | res70: Otitis media |
Please log in to leave a comment.
Code list links:
ClinicalCodes is a project at the University of Manchester Institute of Population Health
The ClinicalCodes project is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research (SPCR)