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Research article:
Antibiotic prescribing for common infections in UK general practice: variability and drivers
Reference:
Victoria Palin, Anna Mölter, Miguel Belmonte, Darren Ashcroft, Andrew White, William Welfare, Tjeerd van Staa(2018) Antibiotic prescribing for common infections in UK general practice: variability and drivers. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, doi:
- Link to article
- Abstract
- Objectives: To examine variations across general practices and factors associated with antibiotic prescribing for common infections in UK primary care to identify potential targets for improvement and optimisation of prescribing. Methods: Oral antibiotics prescribing for common infections were analysed using anonymised UK primary care electronic health records between 2000 and 2015 using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). The rate of prescribing for each condition was observed over time and the correlation of prescribing between each condition estimated within a practice. Drivers of prescribing were estimated using logistic regression in a matched patient cohort (1:1 by age, sex and date). Results: Over 8 million patient records were examined in 587 general practices in the UK. Practices varied considerably in their propensity to prescribe antibiotics and this variance increased over time (except in cases of urinary tract infection (UTI)). Change points in prescribing did not reflect updates to national guidelines and prescribing for different infectious conditions varied within practices. A previous history of antibiotic use significantly increased the risk of receiving a subsequent antibiotic (by 22-48% for patients with ≥ 3 antibiotic prescriptions in the past 12 months), as did higher BMI, history of smoking and flu vaccinations. Other drivers for receiving an antibiotic varied considerably for each condition. Conclusions: Large variability in antibiotic prescribing between practices was observed. Prescribing guidelines alone do not positively influence a change in prescribing, suggesting more targeted interventions are required to optimise antibiotic prescribing in the UK.
- Author for correspondence
- Victoria Palin
- Email for correspondence
- victoria.palin@manchester.ac.uk
Code list: res70: UTI
26 codes in list
| Code | Coding system | Description | Entity type | List name | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1AG..00 | Read | Recurrent urinary tract infections | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| 1J4..00 | Read | Suspected UTI | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K15..00 | Read | Cystitis | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K150.00 | Read | Acute cystitis | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K155.00 | Read | Recurrent cystitis | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K15z.00 | Read | Cystitis NOS | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K190.00 | Read | Urinary tract infection, site not specified | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K190000 | Read | Bacteriuria, site not specified | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K190011 | Read | Asymptomatic bacteriuria | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K190.11 | Read | Recurrent urinary tract infection | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K190200 | Read | Post operative urinary tract infection | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K190300 | Read | Recurrent urinary tract infection | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K190311 | Read | Recurrent UTI | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K190500 | Read | Urinary tract infection | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| K190z00 | Read | Urinary tract infection, site not specified NOS | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| L166.00 | Read | Genitourinary tract infections in pregnancy | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| L166000 | Read | Genitourinary tract infection in pregnancy unspecified | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| L166100 | Read | Genitourinary tract infection in pregnancy - delivered | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| L166.11 | Read | Cystitis of pregnancy | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| L166500 | Read | Infections of kidney in pregnancy | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| L166600 | Read | Urinary tract infection following delivery | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| L166800 | Read | Urinary tract infection complicating pregnancy | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| L166z00 | Read | Genitourinary tract infection in pregnancy NOS | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| L166z11 | Read | UTI - urinary tract infection in pregnancy | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| SP07Q00 | Read | Catheter-associated urinary tract infection | diagnostic | res70: UTI | |||
| SP07Q11 | Read | CAUTI - catheter-associated urinary tract infection | diagnostic | res70: UTI |
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