ClinicalCodes.org
An online clinical codes repository to improve validity and reproducibility of medical database research
Research article:
Cardiovascular Risk and Risk Factor Management in Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study Assessing Sex Disparities
Reference:
Alison K. Wright, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Richard Emsley, Iain Edward Buchan, Mamas A. Mamas, Naveed Sattar, Darren M. Ashcroft, and Martin K. Rutter(2019) Cardiovascular Risk and Risk Factor Management in Type 2 Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study Assessing Sex Disparities. Circulation, doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.039100
- Link to article
- Abstract
- Background: With recent changes in UK clinical practice for diabetes care, contemporary estimates of sex disparities in cardiovascular risk and risk factor management are needed. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to hospital and death records for people in England, we identified 79,985 patients with incident T2DM between 2006-2013 matched to 386,547 patients without diabetes. Sex-stratified Cox models were used to assess cardiovascular risk. Results: Compared to women without T2DM, women with T2DM had a higher cardiovascular event risk (adjusted HR 1.20 [95% CI 1.12-1.28]) with similar corresponding data in men (HR 1.12 [1.06-1.19]) leading to a non-significant higher relative risk in women (risk ratio 1.07 [0.98-1.17]). However, some important sex differences in the management of risk factors were observed. Compared to men with T2DM, women with T2DM were more likely to be obese, hypertensive and have hypercholesterolaemia but were less likely to be prescribed lipid-lowering medication and ACE inhibitors, especially if they had CVD. Conclusions: Compared to men developing T2DM, women with T2DM do not have a significantly higher relative increase in cardiovascular risk, but ongoing sex disparities in prescribing should prompt heightened efforts to improve the standard and equity of diabetes care in women and men.
- Author for correspondence
- Alison Wright
- Email for correspondence
- alison.wright@manchester.ac.uk
Code list: res72: Smoking
62 codes in list
| Code | Coding system | Description | Entity type | List name | smoking_status | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 137..00 | Read | Tobacco consumption | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 1371 | Read | Never smoked tobacco | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | never smoker | ||
| 137..11 | Read | Smoker - amount smoked | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 1371.11 | Read | Non-smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | never smoker | ||
| 1372 | Read | Trivial smoker - < 1 cig/day | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 1372.11 | Read | Occasional smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 1373 | Read | Light smoker - 1-9 cigs/day | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 1374 | Read | Moderate smoker - 10-19 cigs/d | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 1375 | Read | Heavy smoker - 20-39 cigs/day | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 1376 | Read | Very heavy smoker - 40+cigs/d | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 1377 | Read | Ex-trivial smoker (<1/day) | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 1378 | Read | Ex-light smoker (1-9/day) | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 1379 | Read | Ex-moderate smoker (10-19/day) | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137a.00 | Read | Pipe tobacco consumption | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137A.00 | Read | Ex-heavy smoker (20-39/day) | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137b.00 | Read | Ready to stop smoking | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137B.00 | Read | Ex-very heavy smoker (40+/day) | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137c.00 | Read | Thinking about stopping smoking | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137C.00 | Read | Keeps trying to stop smoking | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137d.00 | Read | Not interested in stopping smoking | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137D.00 | Read | Admitted tobacco cons untrue ? | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137e.00 | Read | Smoking restarted | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137E.00 | Read | Tobacco consumption unknown | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137F.00 | Read | Ex-smoker - amount unknown | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137G.00 | Read | Trying to give up smoking | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137H.00 | Read | Pipe smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137I.00 | Read | Passive smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | never smoker | ||
| 137j.00 | Read | Ex-cigarette smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137J.00 | Read | Cigar smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137K.00 | Read | Stopped smoking | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137K000 | Read | Recently stopped smoking | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137l.00 | Read | Ex roll-up cigarette smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137L.00 | Read | Current non-smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | never smoker | ||
| 137m.00 | Read | Failed attempt to stop smoking | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137M.00 | Read | Rolls own cigarettes | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137N.00 | Read | Ex pipe smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137O.00 | Read | Ex cigar smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137P.00 | Read | Cigarette smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137P.11 | Read | Smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137Q.00 | Read | Smoking started | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137Q.11 | Read | Smoking restarted | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137R.00 | Read | Current smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137S.00 | Read | Ex smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137T.00 | Read | Date ceased smoking | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 137U.00 | Read | Not a passive smoker | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | never smoker | ||
| 137V.00 | Read | Smoking reduced | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137W.00 | Read | Chews tobacco | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137X.00 | Read | Cigarette consumption | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137Y.00 | Read | Cigar consumption | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 137Z.00 | Read | Tobacco consumption NOS | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 8CAL.00 | Read | Smoking cessation advice | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 8H7i.00 | Read | Referral to smoking cessation advisor | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 8HkQ.00 | Read | Referral to NHS stop smoking service | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 8HTK.00 | Read | Referral to stop-smoking clinic | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 8IAj.00 | Read | Smoking cessation advice declined | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 9km..00 | Read | Ex-smoker annual review - enhanced services administration | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 9km..11 | Read | Ex-smoker annual review | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | ex smoker | ||
| 9kn..00 | Read | Non-smoker annual review - enhanced services administration | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | never smoker | ||
| 9kn..11 | Read | Non-smoker annual review | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | never smoker | ||
| 9ko..00 | Read | Current smoker annual review - enhanced services admin | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 9ko..11 | Read | Current smoker annual review | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker | ||
| 9NS0200 | Read | Referral for smoking cessation service offered | diagnostic | res72: Smoking | current smoker |
Please log in to leave a comment.
Code list links:
ClinicalCodes is a project at the University of Manchester Institute of Population Health
The ClinicalCodes project is funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) School for Primary Care Research (SPCR)